[Devel] [RFC] [PATCH 2/2] cgroups: make procs file writable
Ben Blum
bblum at andrew.cmu.edu
Sat May 29 18:33:03 PDT 2010
Makes procs file writable to move all threads by tgid at once
From: Ben Blum <bblum at andrew.cmu.edu>
This patch adds functionality that enables users to move all threads in a
threadgroup at once to a cgroup by writing the tgid to the 'cgroup.procs'
file. This current implementation makes use of a per-threadgroup rwsem that's
taken for reading in the fork() path to prevent newly forking threads within
the threadgroup from "escaping" while the move is in progress.
Signed-off-by: Ben Blum <bblum at andrew.cmu.edu>
---
Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt | 9 +
kernel/cgroup.c | 412 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
2 files changed, 374 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
index a1ca592..3f035f5 100644
--- a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
+++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
@@ -235,7 +235,8 @@ containing the following files describing that cgroup:
- cgroup.procs: list of tgids in the cgroup. This list is not
guaranteed to be sorted or free of duplicate tgids, and userspace
should sort/uniquify the list if this property is required.
- This is a read-only file, for now.
+ Writing a thread group id into this file moves all threads in that
+ group into this cgroup.
- notify_on_release flag: run the release agent on exit?
- release_agent: the path to use for release notifications (this file
exists in the top cgroup only)
@@ -416,6 +417,12 @@ You can attach the current shell task by echoing 0:
# echo 0 > tasks
+You can use the cgroup.procs file instead of the tasks file to move all
+threads in a threadgroup at once. Echoing the pid of any task in a
+threadgroup to cgroup.procs causes all tasks in that threadgroup to be
+be attached to the cgroup. Writing 0 to cgroup.procs moves all tasks
+in the writing task's threadgroup.
+
2.3 Mounting hierarchies by name
--------------------------------
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup.c
index 6c8e46f..4d5ea94 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup.c
@@ -1686,6 +1686,76 @@ int cgroup_path(const struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, int buflen)
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_path);
+/*
+ * cgroup_task_migrate - move a task from one cgroup to another.
+ *
+ * 'guarantee' is set if the caller promises that a new css_set for the task
+ * will already exit. If not set, this function might sleep, and can fail with
+ * -ENOMEM. Otherwise, it can only fail with -ESRCH.
+ */
+static int cgroup_task_migrate(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup *oldcgrp,
+ struct task_struct *tsk, bool guarantee)
+{
+ struct css_set *oldcg;
+ struct css_set *newcg;
+
+ /*
+ * get old css_set. we need to take task_lock and refcount it, because
+ * an exiting task can change its css_set to init_css_set and drop its
+ * old one without taking cgroup_mutex.
+ */
+ task_lock(tsk);
+ oldcg = tsk->cgroups;
+ get_css_set(oldcg);
+ task_unlock(tsk);
+
+ /* locate or allocate a new css_set for this task. */
+ if (guarantee) {
+ /* we know the css_set we want already exists. */
+ struct cgroup_subsys_state *template[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT];
+ read_lock(&css_set_lock);
+ newcg = find_existing_css_set(oldcg, cgrp, template);
+ BUG_ON(!newcg);
+ get_css_set(newcg);
+ read_unlock(&css_set_lock);
+ } else {
+ might_sleep();
+ /* find_css_set will give us newcg already referenced. */
+ newcg = find_css_set(oldcg, cgrp);
+ if (!newcg) {
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+ }
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+
+ /* if PF_EXITING is set, the tsk->cgroups pointer is no longer safe. */
+ task_lock(tsk);
+ if (tsk->flags & PF_EXITING) {
+ task_unlock(tsk);
+ put_css_set(newcg);
+ return -ESRCH;
+ }
+ rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->cgroups, newcg);
+ task_unlock(tsk);
+
+ /* Update the css_set linked lists if we're using them */
+ write_lock(&css_set_lock);
+ if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list))
+ list_move(&tsk->cg_list, &newcg->tasks);
+ write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
+
+ /*
+ * We just gained a reference on oldcg by taking it from the task. As
+ * trading it for newcg is protected by cgroup_mutex, we're safe to drop
+ * it here; it will be freed under RCU.
+ */
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+
+ set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &oldcgrp->flags);
+ return 0;
+}
+
/**
* cgroup_attach_task - attach task 'tsk' to cgroup 'cgrp'
* @cgrp: the cgroup the task is attaching to
@@ -1696,11 +1766,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_path);
*/
int cgroup_attach_task(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
- int retval = 0;
+ int retval;
struct cgroup_subsys *ss, *failed_ss = NULL;
struct cgroup *oldcgrp;
- struct css_set *cg;
- struct css_set *newcg;
struct cgroupfs_root *root = cgrp->root;
/* Nothing to do if the task is already in that cgroup */
@@ -1724,46 +1792,16 @@ int cgroup_attach_task(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *tsk)
}
}
- task_lock(tsk);
- cg = tsk->cgroups;
- get_css_set(cg);
- task_unlock(tsk);
- /*
- * Locate or allocate a new css_set for this task,
- * based on its final set of cgroups
- */
- newcg = find_css_set(cg, cgrp);
- put_css_set(cg);
- if (!newcg) {
- retval = -ENOMEM;
- goto out;
- }
-
- task_lock(tsk);
- if (tsk->flags & PF_EXITING) {
- task_unlock(tsk);
- put_css_set(newcg);
- retval = -ESRCH;
+ retval = cgroup_task_migrate(cgrp, oldcgrp, tsk, false);
+ if (retval)
goto out;
- }
- rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->cgroups, newcg);
- task_unlock(tsk);
-
- /* Update the css_set linked lists if we're using them */
- write_lock(&css_set_lock);
- if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list)) {
- list_del(&tsk->cg_list);
- list_add(&tsk->cg_list, &newcg->tasks);
- }
- write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
for_each_subsys(root, ss) {
if (ss->attach)
ss->attach(ss, cgrp, oldcgrp, tsk, false);
}
- set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &oldcgrp->flags);
+
synchronize_rcu();
- put_css_set(cg);
/*
* wake up rmdir() waiter. the rmdir should fail since the cgroup
@@ -1789,28 +1827,300 @@ out:
}
/*
- * Attach task with pid 'pid' to cgroup 'cgrp'. Call with cgroup_mutex
- * held. May take task_lock of task
+ * cgroup_attach_proc works in two stages, the first of which prefetches all
+ * new css_sets needed (to make sure we have enough memory before committing
+ * to the move) and stores them in a list of entries of the following type.
+ * TODO: possible optimization: use css_set->rcu_head for chaining instead
+ */
+struct cg_list_entry {
+ struct css_set *cg;
+ struct list_head links;
+};
+
+static bool css_set_check_fetched(struct cgroup *cgrp,
+ struct task_struct *tsk, struct css_set *cg,
+ struct list_head *newcg_list)
+{
+ struct css_set *newcg;
+ struct cg_list_entry *cg_entry;
+ struct cgroup_subsys_state *template[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT];
+
+ read_lock(&css_set_lock);
+ newcg = find_existing_css_set(cg, cgrp, template);
+ if (newcg)
+ get_css_set(newcg);
+ read_unlock(&css_set_lock);
+
+ /* doesn't exist at all? */
+ if (!newcg)
+ return false;
+ /* see if it's already in the list */
+ list_for_each_entry(cg_entry, newcg_list, links) {
+ if (cg_entry->cg == newcg) {
+ put_css_set(newcg);
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* not found */
+ put_css_set(newcg);
+ return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the new css_set and store it in the list in preparation for moving the
+ * given task to the given cgroup. Returns 0 or -ENOMEM.
+ */
+static int css_set_prefetch(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct css_set *cg,
+ struct list_head *newcg_list)
+{
+ struct css_set *newcg;
+ struct cg_list_entry *cg_entry;
+
+ /* ensure a new css_set will exist for this thread */
+ newcg = find_css_set(cg, cgrp);
+ if (!newcg)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ /* add it to the list */
+ cg_entry = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cg_list_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!cg_entry) {
+ put_css_set(newcg);
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+ cg_entry->cg = newcg;
+ list_add(&cg_entry->links, newcg_list);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * cgroup_attach_proc - attach all threads in a threadgroup to a cgroup
+ * @cgrp: the cgroup to attach to
+ * @leader: the threadgroup leader task_struct of the group to be attached
+ *
+ * Call holding cgroup_mutex. Will take task_lock of each thread in leader's
+ * threadgroup individually in turn.
+ */
+int cgroup_attach_proc(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *leader)
+{
+ int retval;
+ struct cgroup_subsys *ss, *failed_ss = NULL;
+ struct cgroup *oldcgrp;
+ struct css_set *oldcg;
+ struct cgroupfs_root *root = cgrp->root;
+ /* threadgroup list cursor */
+ struct task_struct *tsk;
+ /*
+ * we need to make sure we have css_sets for all the tasks we're
+ * going to move -before- we actually start moving them, so that in
+ * case we get an ENOMEM we can bail out before making any changes.
+ */
+ struct list_head newcg_list;
+ struct cg_list_entry *cg_entry, *temp_nobe;
+
+ /*
+ * Note: Because of possible races with de_thread(), we can't
+ * distinguish between the case where the user gives a non-leader tid
+ * and the case where it changes out from under us. So both are allowed.
+ */
+ leader = leader->group_leader;
+
+ /*
+ * check that we can legitimately attach to the cgroup.
+ */
+ for_each_subsys(root, ss) {
+ if (ss->can_attach) {
+ retval = ss->can_attach(ss, cgrp, leader, true);
+ if (retval) {
+ failed_ss = ss;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * step 1: make sure css_sets exist for all threads to be migrated.
+ * we use find_css_set, which allocates a new one if necessary.
+ */
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&newcg_list);
+ oldcgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(leader, root);
+ if (cgrp != oldcgrp) {
+ /* get old css_set */
+ task_lock(leader);
+ if (leader->flags & PF_EXITING) {
+ task_unlock(leader);
+ goto prefetch_loop;
+ }
+ oldcg = leader->cgroups;
+ get_css_set(oldcg);
+ task_unlock(leader);
+ /* acquire new one */
+ retval = css_set_prefetch(cgrp, oldcg, &newcg_list);
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+ if (retval)
+ goto list_teardown;
+ }
+prefetch_loop:
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ /*
+ * if we need to fetch a new css_set for this task, we must exit the
+ * rcu_read section because allocating it can sleep. afterwards, we'll
+ * need to restart iteration on the threadgroup list - the whole thing
+ * will be O(nm) in the number of threads and css_sets; as the typical
+ * case has only one css_set for all of them, usually O(n).
+ */
+ list_for_each_entry_rcu(tsk, &leader->thread_group, thread_group) {
+ /* nothing to do if this task is already in the cgroup */
+ oldcgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(tsk, root);
+ if (cgrp == oldcgrp)
+ continue;
+ /* get old css_set pointer */
+ task_lock(tsk);
+ if (tsk->flags & PF_EXITING) {
+ /* ignore this task if it's going away */
+ task_unlock(tsk);
+ continue;
+ }
+ oldcg = tsk->cgroups;
+ get_css_set(oldcg);
+ task_unlock(tsk);
+ /* see if the new one for us is already in the list? */
+ if (css_set_check_fetched(cgrp, tsk, oldcg, &newcg_list)) {
+ /* was already there, nothing to do. */
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+ } else {
+ /* we don't already have it. get new one. */
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+ retval = css_set_prefetch(cgrp, oldcg, &newcg_list);
+ put_css_set(oldcg);
+ if (retval)
+ goto list_teardown;
+ /* begin iteration again. */
+ goto prefetch_loop;
+ }
+ }
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+
+ /*
+ * step 2: now that we're guaranteed success wrt the css_sets, proceed
+ * to move all tasks to the new cgroup. we need to lock against possible
+ * races with fork(). note: we can safely access leader->signal because
+ * attach_task_by_pid takes a reference on leader, which guarantees that
+ * the signal_struct will stick around. threadgroup_fork_lock must be
+ * taken outside of tasklist_lock to match the order in the fork path.
+ */
+ BUG_ON(!leader->signal);
+ down_write(&leader->signal->threadgroup_fork_lock);
+ read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
+ /*
+ * One final check. It's possible for a race with de_thread() to change
+ * the group leadership, which makes this operation potentially not safe
+ * wrt both iterating and the permissions check in attach_task_by_pid.
+ */
+ if (!thread_group_leader(leader)) {
+ retval = -EAGAIN;
+ read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+ up_write(&leader->signal->threadgroup_fork_lock);
+ goto list_teardown;
+ }
+ /*
+ * No failure cases left, so this is the commit point.
+ *
+ * If the leader is already there, skip moving him. Note: even if the
+ * leader is PF_EXITING, we still move all other threads; if everybody
+ * is PF_EXITING, we end up doing nothing, which is ok.
+ */
+ oldcgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(leader, root);
+ if (cgrp != oldcgrp) {
+ retval = cgroup_task_migrate(cgrp, oldcgrp, leader, true);
+ BUG_ON(retval != 0 && retval != -ESRCH);
+ }
+ /* Now iterate over each thread in the group. */
+ list_for_each_entry_rcu(tsk, &leader->thread_group, thread_group) {
+ BUG_ON(tsk->signal != leader->signal);
+ /* leave current thread as it is if it's already there */
+ oldcgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(tsk, root);
+ if (cgrp == oldcgrp)
+ continue;
+ /* we don't care whether these threads are exiting */
+ retval = cgroup_task_migrate(cgrp, oldcgrp, tsk, true);
+ BUG_ON(retval != 0 && retval != -ESRCH);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * step 3: attach whole threadgroup to each subsystem
+ * TODO: if ever a subsystem needs to know the oldcgrp for each task
+ * being moved, this call will need to be reworked to communicate that.
+ */
+ for_each_subsys(root, ss) {
+ if (ss->attach)
+ ss->attach(ss, cgrp, oldcgrp, leader, true);
+ }
+ /* holding these until here keeps us safe from exec() and fork(). */
+ read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+ up_write(&leader->signal->threadgroup_fork_lock);
+
+ /*
+ * step 4: success! and cleanup
+ */
+ synchronize_rcu();
+ cgroup_wakeup_rmdir_waiter(cgrp);
+ retval = 0;
+list_teardown:
+ /* clean up the list of prefetched css_sets. */
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(cg_entry, temp_nobe, &newcg_list, links) {
+ list_del(&cg_entry->links);
+ put_css_set(cg_entry->cg);
+ kfree(cg_entry);
+ }
+out:
+ if (retval) {
+ /* same deal as in cgroup_attach_task, with threadgroup=true */
+ for_each_subsys(root, ss) {
+ if (ss == failed_ss)
+ break;
+ if (ss->cancel_attach)
+ ss->cancel_attach(ss, cgrp, leader, true);
+ }
+ }
+ return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the task_struct of the task to attach by vpid and pass it along to the
+ * function to attach either it or all tasks in its threadgroup. Will take
+ * cgroup_mutex; may take task_lock of task.
*/
-static int attach_task_by_pid(struct cgroup *cgrp, u64 pid)
+static int attach_task_by_pid(struct cgroup *cgrp, u64 pid,
+ int attach(struct cgroup *, struct task_struct *))
{
struct task_struct *tsk;
const struct cred *cred = current_cred(), *tcred;
int ret;
+ if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(cgrp))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
if (pid) {
rcu_read_lock();
tsk = find_task_by_vpid(pid);
if (!tsk || tsk->flags & PF_EXITING) {
rcu_read_unlock();
+ cgroup_unlock();
return -ESRCH;
}
+ /*
+ * even if we're attaching all tasks in the thread group, we
+ * only need to check permissions on the group leader, because
+ * even if another task has different permissions, the group
+ * leader will have sufficient access to change it.
+ */
tcred = __task_cred(tsk);
if (cred->euid &&
cred->euid != tcred->uid &&
cred->euid != tcred->suid) {
rcu_read_unlock();
+ cgroup_unlock();
return -EACCES;
}
get_task_struct(tsk);
@@ -1820,18 +2130,28 @@ static int attach_task_by_pid(struct cgroup *cgrp, u64 pid)
get_task_struct(tsk);
}
- ret = cgroup_attach_task(cgrp, tsk);
+ ret = attach(cgrp, tsk);
put_task_struct(tsk);
+ cgroup_unlock();
return ret;
}
static int cgroup_tasks_write(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft, u64 pid)
{
+ return attach_task_by_pid(cgrp, pid, cgroup_attach_task);
+}
+
+static int cgroup_procs_write(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft, u64 tgid)
+{
int ret;
- if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(cgrp))
- return -ENODEV;
- ret = attach_task_by_pid(cgrp, pid);
- cgroup_unlock();
+ do {
+ /*
+ * attach_proc fails with -EAGAIN if threadgroup leadership
+ * changes in the middle of the operation, in which case we need
+ * to find the task_struct for the new leader and start over.
+ */
+ ret = attach_task_by_pid(cgrp, tgid, cgroup_attach_proc);
+ } while (ret == -EAGAIN);
return ret;
}
@@ -3167,9 +3487,9 @@ static struct cftype files[] = {
{
.name = CGROUP_FILE_GENERIC_PREFIX "procs",
.open = cgroup_procs_open,
- /* .write_u64 = cgroup_procs_write, TODO */
+ .write_u64 = cgroup_procs_write,
.release = cgroup_pidlist_release,
- .mode = S_IRUGO,
+ .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
},
{
.name = "notify_on_release",
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